Other symptoms
In addition to the main symptoms, Parkinson's disease can produce other symptoms that are not related to movement. These are described below.
Sleep
Some people with Parkinson's disease find that they have trouble sleeping. This may be because one of their symptoms makes it difficult to feel restful, or they may be worried or anxious about their situation. Alternatively, the changes in the brain that happen during Parkinson's disease may cause the sleeping problem or it may be a side effect of a Parkinson's disease medication.
It is very important for a person with Parkinson's disease to have enough sleep, as it can help to improve some symptoms, as well as benefiting health in general. Read more about healthy sleep.
Constipation
Constipation is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease. It is caused by the muscles of the bowel moving more slowly than usual, and may be made worse if the person becomes less active or eats a poor diet. However, this particular symptom is relatively easy to treat - either through the sensible use of diet and exercise, or by receiving a medication from the doctor.
Pain
From time to time, people with Parkinson's disease may experience pain such as cramps, aches, and feelings of numbness, coldness or burning. This most frequently occurs in the legs, although lower back pain and headaches are also common.
There are many ways that pain can be eased without using medication, for example, physiotherapy and massage may help, along with gentle exercise, and practical devices such as special cushions or mattresses.
Mood/depression
A change in mood or depression may occur as a reaction to being diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, or in response to developing a particular symptom. This is a natural reaction, and the depression is often mild and short-lived. Signs of depression include poor sleep and memory, decreased appetite, and a loss of energy.
However, in some cases, depression may linger, and medical treatment will be necessary. Depression is a treatable condition and, because it can have such a big impact on everyday life, it is important that the doctor is told about any mood changes in order to provide prompt treatment. In addition, relieving depression can improve a person's response to therapy for other Parkinson's disease symptoms, and it can also offer relief to the caregiver, who may find it more difficult to offer support to a person who is depressed.
For further information on depression, see the section on emotional support.
Anxiety
Anyone who experiences a new or stressful situation may become anxious, and a person with Parkinson's disease is no different. Anxiety disrupts sleep, and can also worsen other Parkinson's disease symptoms such as tremor. If anxiety is extreme, there may be panic attacks, which include periods of dizziness, shortness of breath and sweating. Anxiety may be experienced as a constant feeling, or it may be triggered by certain situations, e.g., going out in public.
People with Parkinson's disease can be taught relaxation methods, and often find that therapies such as massage or aromatherapy help to relieve anxiety. In some situations, medication can be prescribed to relieve the problem.
Please note that this document is part of the Parkinson's disease handbook. Please fell free to download the full Parkinson's disease handbook from the right-hand toolbox if you would like to learn more.
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